From Remoteness to Connectivity: Ecotourism Resilience in the Melolo Transmigration Area, East Sumba
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https://doi.org/10.51977/xp32xg83Kata Kunci:
Resiliensi pariwisata, Ekowisata, Manajemen Krisis, Kawasan TransmigrasiAbstrak
Kawasan Transmigrasi Melolo di Kabupaten Sumba Timur menyimpan potensi ekowisata yang signifikan, namun menghadapi krisis multidimensi yang menghambat pengembangannya. Kajian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi tipologi krisis yang dihadapi ekowisata Kawasan Melolo serta merumuskan strategi resiliensi yang kontekstual. Pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus digunakan, didukung observasi lapangan selama kegiatan KKN Ekspedisi Patriot Universitas Indonesia dan data sekunder dari sumber resmi pemerintah serta jurnal ilmiah. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa kawasan ini menghadapi dua tipologi krisis: krisis exogenous berupa kerentanan iklim kekeringan El Niño dan dampak residual pandemi COVID-19, serta krisis endogenous berupa keterbatasan aksesibilitas infrastruktur dan rendahnya visibilitas destinasi. Dalam kerangka Faulkner (2001), kawasan ini terperangkap dalam fase pre-event berkepanjangan. Strategi resiliensi yang direkomendasikan mencakup penguatan konektivitas fisik-digital, pengembangan ekowisata berbasis masyarakat, dan integrasi mitigasi perubahan iklim dalam perencanaan destinasi.
The Melolo Transmigration Area in East Sumba Regency holds significant ecotourism potential, yet faced multidimensional crises that hindered its development. This study aimed to identify crisis typologies affecting ecotourism in the Melolo Area and formulate contextual resilience strategies. A qualitative approach with a case study design was employed, supported by field observations during the Universitas Indonesia Patriot Expedition KKN program and secondary data from official government sources and scientific journals. Findings revealed two crisis typologies: exogenous crises comprising El Niño drought vulnerability and residual impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, and endogenous crises comprising infrastructure accessibility limitations and low destination visibility. Within Faulkner's (2001) framework, the area remained trapped in a prolonged pre-event phase. Recommended resilience strategies included strengthening physical-digital connectivity developing community-based ecotourism, and integrating climate change mitigation into destination planning.
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