INTERVENSI BERBASIS SELF-CARE PADA PASIEN HIPERTENSI: A SCOPING REVIEW
Abstract
Pendahuluan: Hipertensi merupakan faktor risiko utama penyakit kardiovaskular dan menjadi penyebab terbesar dari morbiditas dan mortalitas di seluruh dunia. Berbagai macam faktor berkontribusi terhadap tingginya angka kejadian hipertensi, salah satunya adalah self care (perawatan diri). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran intervensi berbasis self care pada pasien dewasa dengan hipertensi. Metode: Studi literatur ini menggunakan metode scoping review dengan pendekatan PCC (Population, Concept, Context). Pencarian artikel menggunakan data base EBSCOhost dan PubMed, serta mesin pencarian Google Scholar dengan kata kunci populasi yaitu adults OR mature aged OR grown, konsep yaitu self care interventions OR self care practices OR self care, dan konteks yaitu hypertension OR high blood pressure OR elevated blood pressure OR hypertensive. Hasil: Hasil pencarian didapatkan 13 artikel yang teridentifikasi dan relevan dengan tujuan penelitian. Intervensi berbasis self care untuk penderita hipertensi di antaranya Self Care Berbasis Teknologi (Telementoring, aplikasi BPMAP dan E-Lifestyle, E-Counseling), Latihan Fisik (Exercise+PEH, Latihan Berjalan Kaki, Latihan Isometric Handgrip (IHG), Latihan Nafas Pranayama, dan Self Management Exercise Program), serta Pendidikan Kesehatan. Kesimpulan: Intervensi berbasis self care memiliki efektivitas yang positif terhadap tekanan darah, kualitas hidup, kepatuhan pengobatan, perilaku perawatan diri, dan kebugaran fisik pada pasien hipertensi.
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