Trauma Psikologis Perawat Instalasi Gawat Darurat dalam Menghadapi Kekerasan Verbal di Tempat Kerja: Penelitian Kualitatif

Anja  Hesnia Kholis; Nurul  Hidayah; Ratna  Puji Priyanti; Asri Asri

Anja Hesnia Kholis STIKES Pemkab Jombang
Nurul Hidayah STIKES Pemkab Jombang
Ratna Puji Priyanti STIKES Pemkab Jombang
Asri Asri STIKES Pemkab Jombang

Keywords: Violence in the Workplace, Verbal Violence, Emergency Nurses

Abstract

Abstrak

Kejadian kekerasan verbal ditempat kerja dalam industry kesehatan adalah 3,8 kali lebih tinggi dari semua industry swasta Kekerasan verbal adalah salahsatu kekerasan yang paling sering dialami oleh perawat khususnya perawat Instalasi Gawat Darurat (IGD). Kekerasan verbal oleh pasien dan keluarga pasien dapat memberikan trauma psikologis yang dapat juga merusak prestasi kerja. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk memahami trauma psikologis yang dialami oleh perawat IGD dalam menghadapi kekerasan verbal di tempat kerja. Jenis penelitian kualitataif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Populasi yang digunakan adalah perawat Instalasi gawat darurat (IGD) di Rumah Sakit di Jombang, Jawa timur. Partisipan menggunakan 10 perawat yang bekerja di IGD minimal 6 bulan, tidak sedang cuti melahirkan, sedangkan sebagai triangulasi adalah manajer perawat/kepala ruangan.Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan in-depth interview. Keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi dan member check. Analisis data menggunakan metode analisis Collaizi (1978) dengan 8 langkah analisa data. Tema yang ditemukan dalam penelitian ini adalah: tema pertama adalah pengetahuan dengan sub-tema: jenis kekerasan verbal, bentuk kekerasan verbal. Tema kedua adalah sumber kekerasan verbal dengan sub-tema pelaku dan penyebab kekerasan verbal. Tema ketiga adalah pengaruh kekerasan verbal dengan sub-tema respon saat mengalami kekerasan verbal, efek kekerasan verbal dan koping dalam menghadapi kekerasan verbal. Kekerasan verbal ditempat kerja memberikan dampak pada psikologis dan kinerja perawat. Dengan memahami trauma psikologis perawat, maka diharapkan timbul upaya dalam melindungi perawat untuk melakukan pemberian asuhan keperawatan secara profesional dan meningkatkan mutu pelayanan.

Kata Kunci: Kekerasan ditempat Kerja, Kekerasan Verbal, Perawat Gawat Darurat

Abstract

The incidence of verbal violence in the workplace in the health industry is 3.8 times higher than that of all private industries Verbal violence is one of the most common violence experienced by nurses, especially nurses in the Emergency Department (IGD). Verbal violence by the patient and the patient's family can provide psychological trauma which can also damage work performance.The purpose of the study was to understand the psychological trauma experienced by emergency nurses in the face of verbal violence at work. Methods: The research method was a qualitative study with a phenomenological approached. The population is the emergency department nurse (EDN) at the Hospital in Jombang, East Java. Participant was10 nurses, who worked in the emergency department for at least 6 months, were not on maternity leave, while the triangulation was the nurse manager / head of the room. Data collection techniques used in-depth interviews. Data validity uses triangulation and member check. Data analysis using the analysis method Collaizi (1978) with 8 steps of data analysis Results: The themes found in this study are: the first theme is knowledge with sub-themes: types of verbal violence, forms of verbal violence. The second theme is the source of verbal violence with the sub-theme of the perpetrators and the causes of verbal violence. The third theme is the influence of verbal violence with the sub-theme response when experiencing verbal violence, the effects of verbal violence and coping in dealing with verbal violence. Conclusion: Verbal violence at work has an impact on the psychological and performance of nurses. By understanding nurses' psychological trauma, efforts are expected to arise in protecting nurses to provide professional nursing care and improve service quality.

Keywords: Violence in the Workplace, Verbal Violence, Emergency Nurses

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